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Germany (in German: Deutschland), called the Federal Republic of Germany or West Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland: BRD) in official use, is a country in Western Europe surrounded by the North Sea Denmark and the Baltic Sea to the north, Poland and the Czech Republic to the east by Austria and Switzerland in the south and by France, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands to the west. Germany is a federal republic consisting of 16 states (Bundesländer - Official German Länder). The country has long been established in several states more or less autonomous, aware of their own history, culture and religious affiliation. Long dominated by Austria in the Holy Roman Empire (962 to 1806) and the Germanic Confederation (1815 to 1866), 1871, at the end of the Franco-Prussian War, they were united in a state dominated by Prussia, thus giving birth to the modern unified Germany also called Second Reich and Reich Wilhelminian. The German defeat which followed the First World War in 1918 brought about the advent of the Republic in 1933 and the Third Reich, which collapsed in 1945 brought about the defeat in the Second World War. First occupied by the armed forces of the victors, Germany was divided into two parts in 1949 which formed the Federal Republic of Germany (informally West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (informally East Germany ). The reunification took place October 3, 1990, 11 months after the fall of the Berlin Wall, which marked the reunification popular. In 1990, Berlin becomes its capital. She is a member of the Council of Europe since 1950, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the Union of Western Europe since 1954, NATO since 1955, the United Nations since 1973, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), a founding member of the European Union (1957), Eurocontrol (1960) and the euro area. With over 82 million registered in 2007, Germany is the most populous country of the European Union and the very core of the heart of Europe. It is a major global economic power, the first in Europe and fourth behind the United States, Japan and China by its nominal GDP. Germany is also the largest exporter and second largest importer of goods in the world.