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The Kingdom of Belgium (Koninkrijk België in Dutch, German Königreich Belgien) is a federal state of Western Europe. He is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the main institutions, as well as those of other international organizations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of 30 528 km2 with a population of about ten and a half million inhabitants and its capital is Brussels. Belgium is surrounded by the Netherlands, Germany, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, France and the North Sea. It stretches over a distance of 318 km between De Panne and Arlon. Its relief is low: it sprawls out gradually towards the southeast, peaking at 694 m signal Botrange. From the late Middle Ages to the politico-religious revolution of the seventeenth century, this area is a shopping and cultural prosperity. Almost all of its territory (with the exception of the Principality of Liège) was part of the Seventeen Provinces collected by the dukes of Burgundy in the fifteenth century. After the advent of Protestantism in the Spanish domination of the Seventeen Provinces are divided and the north - the future Netherlands - became independent. The southern, Catholic, passed into the hands of various European powers (Spain, Austria, France) and in 1815 was met with former United Provinces to form the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The southern part of the new state gained independence in 1830 following the Belgian Revolution. The country's recent history has been marked by early industrialization, the colonization of the Congo, by the two world wars and the emergence of political conflicts between the two main linguistic communities in the country, the Flemish, Dutch-speaking, and francophones. Belgium is a constitutional monarchy whose reigning king is Albert II, sixth King of the Belgians. It is a federal state since 1994. There are six federal entities: three regions (Brussels, Flemish and Walloon) and three communities (Flemish, French and germanophone). The Belgian population is divided as follows: 1.0 million inhabitants live in the Brussels region (9.74%), 6.1 million in the Flemish Region (57.80%) and 3.4 million in the Walloon region (32, 46%). Belgium has three official languages: German, French and Dutch. This is a traditionally Roman Catholic, but who knows some Christianization.