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The Czech Republic (Czech: Ceská republika Pronunciation), sometimes called Czechia, is a country in Central Europe without access to the sea, surrounded by Poland to the north-east Germany in the north-west and the west, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the southeast. Comprising the historic regions of Bohemia, Moravia and part of Silesia, the Czech Republic formally born on 1 January 1969 of the federalization of Czechoslovakia. It is Independent since 1 January 1993 to mark the division of the Federal Republic Czech and Slovak. The Czech Republic is a member of NATO since March 12, 1999 and is part of the European Union since 1 May 2004.